In Linux runnervm3ublj 6.11.0-1018-azure #18~24.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Sat Jun 28 04:46:03 UTC 2025 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux,

Memory Usage: 1242/15995MB (7.76%)
Disk Usage: 52/72GB (72%)
CPU Load: 1.26
CPU core count:4
CPUs
cpu MHz		: 3244.909
cpu MHz		: 3242.699
cpu MHz		: 3240.566
cpu MHz		: 3238.883

Below is total package generation times for separate modules,

[INFO] Avaje Jex Example 3.2 .............................. SUCCESS [  3.183 s]
[INFO] Avaje Jex Robaho Example 3.2 ....................... SUCCESS [  3.178 s]
[INFO] eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test 4.1.0 ............ SUCCESS [  5.322 s]
[INFO] helidon-quickstart-se 4.2.2 ........................ SUCCESS [  6.337 s]
[INFO] ktor-demo 3.3.0-kotlin-2.2.20 ...................... SUCCESS [ 11.382 s]
[INFO] micronaut-demo 4.9.3 ............................... SUCCESS [ 23.627 s]
[INFO] quarkus-demo 3.28.1 ................................ SUCCESS [ 13.857 s]
[INFO] springboot-webflux-demo 3.5.5 ...................... SUCCESS [  2.189 s]
[INFO] springboot-demo-web 3.5.5 .......................... SUCCESS [  2.189 s]
[INFO] vertx-demo 5.0.4 ................................... SUCCESS [  4.989 s]

Size of created packages:

Size in MB Name
2.6M ./avaje-jex-jdk/target/avaje-jex-jdk-3.2.jar
2.6M ./avaje-jex-jdk/target/original-avaje-jex-jdk-3.2.jar
2.8M ./avaje-jex-robaho/target/avaje-jex-robaho-3.2.jar
2.8M ./avaje-jex-robaho/target/original-avaje-jex-robaho-3.2.jar
22M ./eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test/target/eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test-4.1.0.jar
8.8M ./helidon-se-netty/target/helidon-quickstart-se.jar
8.8M ./helidon-se-netty/target/original-helidon-quickstart-se.jar
20M ./ktor/target/ktor-demo-3.3.0-kotlin-2.2.20-jar-with-dependencies.jar
14M ./micronaut/target/micronaut-demo-4.9.3.jar
19M ./quarkus/target/quarkus-demo-runner.jar
21M ./spring-boot-web/target/springboot-demo-web-3.5.5.jar
24M ./spring-boot-webflux/target/springboot-webflux-demo-3.5.5.jar
8.3M ./vertx/target/vertx-demo-5.0.4-fat.jar

Avaje Jex started class sun.net.httpserver.HttpServerImpl on http://0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:8080

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   9267 (OK=9267   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   894 (OK=894    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                       1117 (OK=1117   KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        430 (OK=430    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1255 (OK=1255   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       3500 (OK=3500   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       4538 (OK=4538   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                2666.667 (OK=2666.667 KO=-     )

started class robaho.net.httpserver.HttpServerImpl on http://0.0.0.0:8080

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      1 (OK=1      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   3000 (OK=3000   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   460 (OK=460    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        317 (OK=317    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        375 (OK=375    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        476 (OK=477    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        892 (OK=892    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1827 (OK=1827   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

:: Spring Boot :: (v3.5.5) Started DemoWebFluxApplication in 1.65 seconds (process running for 2.074)

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     52 (OK=52     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   6242 (OK=6242   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1522 (OK=1522   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                       1007 (OK=1007   KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                       1183 (OK=1183   KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1712 (OK=1712   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       3667 (OK=3668   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       5290 (OK=5290   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                2666.667 (OK=2666.667 KO=-     )

:: Spring Boot :: (v3.5.5) Started DemoApplication in 1.618 seconds (process running for 2.014)

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      8 (OK=8      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   5235 (OK=5235   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1305 (OK=1305   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        826 (OK=826    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                       1093 (OK=1093   KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1392 (OK=1391   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       3309 (OK=3311   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       3846 (OK=3845   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                2909.091 (OK=2909.091 KO=-     )

powered by Quarkus 3.28.1) started in 0.984s. Listening on: http://0.0.0.0:8080

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     47 (OK=47     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   2691 (OK=2691   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1159 (OK=1159   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        578 (OK=578    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                       1031 (OK=1031   KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1262 (OK=1263   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       2318 (OK=2317   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2517 (OK=2517   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   3200 (OK=3200   KO=-     )

micronaut version: 4.9.0 Startup completed in 503ms. Server Running: http://localhost:8080

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     57 (OK=57     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   2473 (OK=2473   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   832 (OK=832    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        385 (OK=385    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        694 (OK=694    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1100 (OK=1100   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1592 (OK=1592   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1891 (OK=1892   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                3555.556 (OK=3555.556 KO=-     )

vertx version:5.0.4

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     58 (OK=58     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   1818 (OK=1818   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1000 (OK=1000   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        336 (OK=336    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                       1089 (OK=1089   KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1270 (OK=1270   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1471 (OK=1471   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1597 (OK=1597   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   4000 (OK=4000   KO=-     )

kumuluz version:4.1.0 Server – Started Server@34acbc60{STARTING}[10.0.9,sto=0] @2718ms

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     23 (OK=23     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   8162 (OK=8162   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1667 (OK=1667   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                       1265 (OK=1265   KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                       1293 (OK=1293   KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1718 (OK=1718   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       4573 (OK=4573   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       5763 (OK=5763   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                2461.538 (OK=2461.538 KO=-     )

Helidon SE 4.2.2 features: [Config, Encoding, Health, Media, Metrics, Observe, Registry, WebServer]

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   2357 (OK=2357   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   643 (OK=643    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        617 (OK=617    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        477 (OK=477    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        749 (OK=749    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       2074 (OK=2073   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2246 (OK=2246   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   4000 (OK=4000   KO=-     )

ktor:3.3.0

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                  10022 (OK=10022  KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1013 (OK=1013   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        949 (OK=949    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        727 (OK=727    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1481 (OK=1481   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       2707 (OK=2707   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       4588 (OK=4588   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                2666.667 (OK=2666.667 KO=-     )

Rust rest services

rustc 1.89.0 (29483883e 2025-08-04)

warp = 0.3.7

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   1249 (OK=1249   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   149 (OK=149    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        141 (OK=141    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        124 (OK=124    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        218 (OK=218    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        460 (OK=460    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        580 (OK=580    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

actix-web = 4.9.0

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    632 (OK=632    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   187 (OK=187    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        144 (OK=144    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        162 (OK=162    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        259 (OK=258    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        517 (OK=517    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        589 (OK=589    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

rocket = { version = 0.5.1, features = [json] }

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    745 (OK=745    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   221 (OK=221    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        149 (OK=149    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        198 (OK=198    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        276 (OK=276    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        545 (OK=545    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        655 (OK=655    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=5333.333 KO=-     )

axum = 0.8.1

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    602 (OK=602    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   160 (OK=160    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        130 (OK=130    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        149 (OK=149    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        214 (OK=214    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        444 (OK=444    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        523 (OK=523    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

Dotnet 7 rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      1 (OK=1      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    823 (OK=823    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   319 (OK=319    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        173 (OK=173    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        280 (OK=280    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        382 (OK=382    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        681 (OK=681    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        763 (OK=763    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=5333.333 KO=-     )

Dotnet 8 rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      2 (OK=2      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    715 (OK=715    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   248 (OK=248    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        143 (OK=143    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        222 (OK=222    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        296 (OK=296    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        566 (OK=566    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        640 (OK=640    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=5333.333 KO=-     )

Dotnet 9 rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      1 (OK=1      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    832 (OK=832    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   283 (OK=283    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        153 (OK=153    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        256 (OK=256    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        324 (OK=324    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        618 (OK=618    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        677 (OK=678    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=5333.333 KO=-     )

graalvm native avaje

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   6486 (OK=6486   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   542 (OK=542    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        805 (OK=805    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        185 (OK=185    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        606 (OK=607    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       2326 (OK=2326   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       3338 (OK=3338   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   3200 (OK=3200   KO=-     )

graalvm native avaje

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   3121 (OK=3121   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   244 (OK=244    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        343 (OK=343    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        166 (OK=166    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        274 (OK=274    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        629 (OK=629    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2088 (OK=2087   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

graalvm native quarkus

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     24 (OK=24     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   1349 (OK=1349   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   498 (OK=498    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        223 (OK=223    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        478 (OK=478    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        651 (OK=651    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        876 (OK=876    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1054 (OK=1054   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

graalvm native micronaut

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      4 (OK=4      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   1097 (OK=1097   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   402 (OK=402    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        176 (OK=176    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        377 (OK=377    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        507 (OK=507    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        738 (OK=738    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        880 (OK=880    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

graalvm native spring-boot-web

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   3398 (OK=3398   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   500 (OK=500    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        400 (OK=400    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        392 (OK=392    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        534 (OK=534    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1309 (OK=1309   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2413 (OK=2414   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

graalvm native spring-boot-webflux

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     24 (OK=24     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   1954 (OK=1954   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   542 (OK=542    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        337 (OK=337    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        404 (OK=405    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        649 (OK=649    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1303 (OK=1303   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1758 (OK=1758   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   4000 (OK=4000   KO=-     )

graalvm native vertx

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     22 (OK=22     KO=-     )
> max response time                                    859 (OK=859    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   495 (OK=495    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        177 (OK=177    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        513 (OK=513    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        636 (OK=636    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        759 (OK=759    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        816 (OK=816    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

graalvm native helidon

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=0      KO=32000 )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=-      KO=0     )
> max response time                                   1152 (OK=-      KO=1152  )
> mean response time                                   372 (OK=-      KO=372   )
> std deviation                                        221 (OK=-      KO=221   )
> response time 50th percentile                        322 (OK=-      KO=322   )
> response time 75th percentile                        439 (OK=-      KO=439   )
> response time 95th percentile                        891 (OK=-      KO=890   )
> response time 99th percentile                       1011 (OK=-      KO=1011  )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=-      KO=5333.333)

graalvm native ktor rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   7414 (OK=7414   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   519 (OK=519    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        808 (OK=808    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        164 (OK=164    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        585 (OK=586    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       2322 (OK=2321   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       3439 (OK=3439   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   3200 (OK=3200   KO=-     )

GraalVM Native Binaries Sizes:

Size in MB Name
53 quarkus-demo-runner
73 micronaut-demo
76 springboot-demo-web
77 springboot-webflux-demo
54 vertx-demo
55 helidon-quickstart-se
60 ktor-demo

source code for the java and dotnet tests ๐Ÿ‘ˆ source code for the rust tests ๐Ÿ‘ˆ github action ๐Ÿ‘ˆ