In Linux runnervmh13bl 6.11.0-1018-azure #18~24.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Sat Jun 28 04:46:03 UTC 2025 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux,

Memory Usage: 1284/15994MB (8.03%)
Disk Usage: 57/72GB (79%)
CPU Load: 1.63
CPU core count:4
CPUs
cpu MHz		: 3411.828
cpu MHz		: 3481.604
cpu MHz		: 3484.000
cpu MHz		: 3490.394

Below is total package generation times for separate modules,

[INFO] Avaje Jex Example 3.3 .............................. SUCCESS [  2.396 s]
[INFO] Avaje Jex Robaho Example 3.3 ....................... SUCCESS [  2.520 s]
[INFO] eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test 4.1.0 ............ SUCCESS [  4.319 s]
[INFO] ktor-demo 3.3.3-kotlin-2.3.0 ....................... SUCCESS [ 10.647 s]
[INFO] micronaut-demo 4.10.6 .............................. SUCCESS [ 22.149 s]
[INFO] quarkus-demo 3.30.1 ................................ SUCCESS [ 12.525 s]
[INFO] springboot-webflux-demo 4.0.1 ...................... SUCCESS [  1.854 s]
[INFO] springboot-demo-web 4.0.1 .......................... SUCCESS [  1.850 s]
[INFO] vertx-demo 5.0.6 ................................... SUCCESS [  3.416 s]

Size of created packages:

Size in MB Name
2.6M ./avaje-jex-jdk/target/avaje-jex-jdk-3.3.jar
2.6M ./avaje-jex-jdk/target/original-avaje-jex-jdk-3.3.jar
2.8M ./avaje-jex-robaho/target/avaje-jex-robaho-3.3.jar
2.8M ./avaje-jex-robaho/target/original-avaje-jex-robaho-3.3.jar
22M ./eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test/target/eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test-4.1.0.jar
20M ./ktor/target/ktor-demo-3.3.3-kotlin-2.3.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar
14M ./micronaut/target/micronaut-demo-4.10.6.jar
19M ./quarkus/target/quarkus-demo-runner.jar
19M ./spring-boot-web/target/springboot-demo-web-4.0.1.jar
34M ./spring-boot-webflux/target/springboot-webflux-demo-4.0.1.jar
8.4M ./vertx/target/vertx-demo-5.0.6-fat.jar

Avaje Jex started class sun.net.httpserver.HttpServerImpl in 23ms on http://0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:8080

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   4389 (OK=4389   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   790 (OK=790    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        750 (OK=750    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        599 (OK=599    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1155 (OK=1153   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       2341 (OK=2341   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       3376 (OK=3376   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                3555.556 (OK=3555.556 KO=-     )

started class robaho.net.httpserver.HttpServerImpl in 48ms on http://0.0.0.0:8080

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   2652 (OK=2652   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   359 (OK=359    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        298 (OK=298    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        291 (OK=291    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        389 (OK=389    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        787 (OK=787    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1680 (OK=1680   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

:: Spring Boot :: (v4.0.1) Started DemoWebFluxApplication in 1.539 seconds (process running for 1.996)

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   8208 (OK=8208   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1153 (OK=1153   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                       2117 (OK=2117   KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                         18 (OK=18     KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        255 (OK=255    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       5789 (OK=5789   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       7310 (OK=7310   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                2666.667 (OK=2666.667 KO=-     )

:: Spring Boot :: (v4.0.1) Started DemoApplication in 1.426 seconds (process running for 1.836)

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   5139 (OK=5139   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1359 (OK=1359   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        563 (OK=563    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                       1317 (OK=1317   KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1589 (OK=1589   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       2532 (OK=2532   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       3038 (OK=3038   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                2909.091 (OK=2909.091 KO=-     )

powered by Quarkus 3.30.1) started in 0.890s. Listening on: http://0.0.0.0:8080

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     38 (OK=38     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   2627 (OK=2627   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   964 (OK=964    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        490 (OK=490    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        843 (OK=843    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1029 (OK=1028   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1903 (OK=1903   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2208 (OK=2207   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                3555.556 (OK=3555.556 KO=-     )

micronaut version: 4.9.0 Startup completed in 552ms. Server Running: http://localhost:8080

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      6 (OK=6      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   1874 (OK=1874   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   709 (OK=709    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        331 (OK=331    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        639 (OK=640    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        823 (OK=824    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1375 (OK=1375   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1530 (OK=1530   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   4000 (OK=4000   KO=-     )

vertx version:5.0.6

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     49 (OK=49     KO=-     )
> max response time                                   1631 (OK=1631   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   825 (OK=825    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        312 (OK=312    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        859 (OK=859    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1086 (OK=1086   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1289 (OK=1289   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1441 (OK=1442   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   4000 (OK=4000   KO=-     )

kumuluz version:4.1.0 Server – Started Server@6c15e8c7{STARTING}[10.0.9,sto=0] @2435ms

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      1 (OK=1      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   7891 (OK=7891   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                  1413 (OK=1413   KO=-     )
> std deviation                                       1132 (OK=1132   KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                       1148 (OK=1148   KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1535 (OK=1535   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       4092 (OK=4092   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       5324 (OK=5324   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                2666.667 (OK=2666.667 KO=-     )

ktor:3.3.3

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   4723 (OK=4723   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   677 (OK=677    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        631 (OK=631    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        470 (OK=469    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                       1103 (OK=1093   KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1799 (OK=1799   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2527 (OK=2527   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                3555.556 (OK=3555.556 KO=-     )

Rust rest services

rustc 1.92.0 (ded5c06cf 2025-12-08)

warp = { version = 0.4, features = [server] }

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    512 (OK=512    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                    94 (OK=94     KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        117 (OK=117    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                         48 (OK=48     KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        155 (OK=155    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        365 (OK=365    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        473 (OK=473    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

actix-web = 4.9.0

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    549 (OK=549    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   112 (OK=112    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        125 (OK=125    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                         76 (OK=76     KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        184 (OK=184    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        405 (OK=405    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        478 (OK=478    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

rocket = { version = 0.5.1, features = [json] }

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    642 (OK=642    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   120 (OK=120    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        128 (OK=128    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                         94 (OK=94     KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        183 (OK=183    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        391 (OK=391    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        516 (OK=516    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

axum = 0.8.1

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    569 (OK=569    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   119 (OK=119    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        132 (OK=132    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                         91 (OK=91     KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        188 (OK=188    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        421 (OK=421    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        513 (OK=513    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

Dotnet 7 rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    655 (OK=655    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   154 (OK=154    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        144 (OK=144    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        127 (OK=127    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        228 (OK=228    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        490 (OK=490    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        568 (OK=568    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

Dotnet 8 rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    696 (OK=696    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   174 (OK=174    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        156 (OK=156    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        147 (OK=147    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        247 (OK=247    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        526 (OK=526    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        627 (OK=627    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

Dotnet 9 rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    696 (OK=696    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   166 (OK=166    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        155 (OK=155    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        137 (OK=138    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        245 (OK=245    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        530 (OK=530    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        614 (OK=614    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

Golang rest service

go version go1.24.11 linux/amd64


Golang rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    646 (OK=646    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   137 (OK=137    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        145 (OK=145    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        103 (OK=103    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        218 (OK=218    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        468 (OK=468    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        562 (OK=562    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   6400 (OK=6400   KO=-     )

Express.js rest service

Node.js v20.19.6


Express.js rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=8000   KO=24000 )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=43     KO=0     )
> max response time                                   8763 (OK=8763   KO=275   )
> mean response time                                   642 (OK=2542   KO=9     )
> std deviation                                       1611 (OK=2359   KO=31    )
> response time 50th percentile                          2 (OK=1402   KO=1     )
> response time 75th percentile                        207 (OK=4491   KO=2     )
> response time 95th percentile                       4754 (OK=7232   KO=32    )
> response time 99th percentile                       7261 (OK=8697   KO=193   )
> mean requests/sec                                2909.091 (OK=727.273 KO=2181.818)

graalvm native avaje

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   4351 (OK=4351   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   363 (OK=363    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        547 (OK=547    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        108 (OK=108    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        478 (OK=478    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1348 (OK=1348   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2306 (OK=2306   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                   4000 (OK=4000   KO=-     )

graalvm native avaje

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   2115 (OK=2115   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   158 (OK=158    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        244 (OK=244    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                         86 (OK=86     KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        205 (OK=205    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        544 (OK=544    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1318 (OK=1318   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=5333.333 KO=-     )

graalvm native quarkus

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      7 (OK=7      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    795 (OK=795    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   268 (OK=268    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        151 (OK=151    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        246 (OK=246    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        323 (OK=323    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        620 (OK=621    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        705 (OK=705    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=5333.333 KO=-     )

graalvm native micronaut

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                    714 (OK=714    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   220 (OK=220    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        133 (OK=133    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        207 (OK=207    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        277 (OK=277    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        510 (OK=510    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        588 (OK=588    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=5333.333 KO=-     )

graalvm native spring-boot-web

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   2790 (OK=2790   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   393 (OK=393    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        345 (OK=345    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        309 (OK=309    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        414 (OK=414    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1166 (OK=1166   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2218 (OK=2218   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

graalvm native spring-boot-webflux

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   1503 (OK=1503   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   350 (OK=350    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        443 (OK=443    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        188 (OK=188    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        381 (OK=381    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       1370 (OK=1370   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       1414 (OK=1414   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

graalvm native vertx

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                     17 (OK=17     KO=-     )
> max response time                                    704 (OK=704    KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   260 (OK=260    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        127 (OK=127    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        244 (OK=244    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        310 (OK=310    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                        534 (OK=534    KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                        646 (OK=646    KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                5333.333 (OK=5333.333 KO=-     )

graalvm native ktor rest service

---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count                                      32000 (OK=32000  KO=0     )
> min response time                                      0 (OK=0      KO=-     )
> max response time                                   4408 (OK=4408   KO=-     )
> mean response time                                   441 (OK=441    KO=-     )
> std deviation                                        653 (OK=653    KO=-     )
> response time 50th percentile                        143 (OK=143    KO=-     )
> response time 75th percentile                        512 (OK=511    KO=-     )
> response time 95th percentile                       2092 (OK=2093   KO=-     )
> response time 99th percentile                       2937 (OK=2937   KO=-     )
> mean requests/sec                                4571.429 (OK=4571.429 KO=-     )

GraalVM Native Binaries Sizes:

Size in MB Name
53 quarkus-demo-runner
74 micronaut-demo
79 springboot-demo-web
111 springboot-webflux-demo
54 vertx-demo
61 ktor-demo

source code for the java and dotnet tests ๐Ÿ‘ˆ source code for the rust tests ๐Ÿ‘ˆ github action ๐Ÿ‘ˆ