In Linux runnervmrg6be 6.17.0-1008-azure #8~24.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Mon Jan 26 18:35:40 UTC 2026 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux,
Memory Usage: 1361/15988MB (8.51%)
Disk Usage: 58/145GB (40%)
CPU Load: 1.51
CPU core count:4
CPUs
cpu MHz : 1143.904
cpu MHz : 3482.876
cpu MHz : 3441.194
cpu MHz : 3491.632
Below is total package generation times for separate modules,
[INFO] Avaje Jex Example 3.4 .............................. SUCCESS [ 2.801 s]
[INFO] Avaje Jex Robaho Example 3.4 ....................... SUCCESS [ 2.761 s]
[INFO] eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test 4.1.0 ............ SUCCESS [ 4.424 s]
[INFO] ktor-demo 3.4.0-kotlin-2.3.10 ...................... SUCCESS [ 11.139 s]
[INFO] micronaut-demo 4.10.7 .............................. SUCCESS [ 21.975 s]
[INFO] quarkus-demo 3.31.1 ................................ SUCCESS [ 10.497 s]
[INFO] springboot-webflux-demo 4.0.3 ...................... SUCCESS [ 2.042 s]
[INFO] springboot-demo-web 4.0.3 .......................... SUCCESS [ 2.041 s]
[INFO] vertx-demo 5.0.10 .................................. SUCCESS [ 4.499 s]
Size of created packages:
| Size in MB | Name |
|---|---|
| 2.6M | ./avaje-jex-jdk/target/avaje-jex-jdk-3.4.jar |
| 2.6M | ./avaje-jex-jdk/target/original-avaje-jex-jdk-3.4.jar |
| 2.8M | ./avaje-jex-robaho/target/avaje-jex-robaho-3.4.jar |
| 2.8M | ./avaje-jex-robaho/target/original-avaje-jex-robaho-3.4.jar |
| 22M | ./eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test/target/eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test-4.1.0.jar |
| 20M | ./ktor/target/ktor-demo-3.4.0-kotlin-2.3.10-jar-with-dependencies.jar |
| 14M | ./micronaut/target/micronaut-demo-4.10.7.jar |
| 20M | ./quarkus/target/quarkus-demo-runner.jar |
| 19M | ./spring-boot-web/target/springboot-demo-web-4.0.3.jar |
| 34M | ./spring-boot-webflux/target/springboot-webflux-demo-4.0.3.jar |
| 8.3M | ./vertx/target/vertx-demo-5.0.10-fat.jar |
Avaje Jex started class sun.net.httpserver.HttpServerImpl in 25ms on TCP http://0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:8080
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 219758
> min response time 49.26µs
> max response time 1.15s
> mean response time 14.8ms
> p(90) response time 36.29ms
> p(95) response time 47.28ms
> mean requests/sec 13195.841604
started class robaho.net.httpserver.HttpServerImpl in 48ms on TCP http://0.0.0.0:8080
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 315909
> min response time 41.09µs
> max response time 147.58ms
> mean response time 13.38ms
> p(90) response time 31.82ms
> p(95) response time 41.88ms
> mean requests/sec 20990.694317
:: Spring Boot :: (v4.0.3) Started DemoWebFluxApplication in 1.52 seconds (process running for 1.98)
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 91116
> min response time 294.08µs
> max response time 3s
> mean response time 55.89ms
> p(90) response time 107.03ms
> p(95) response time 136.03ms
> mean requests/sec 5988.664492
:: Spring Boot :: (v4.0.3) Started DemoApplication in 1.425 seconds (process running for 1.84)
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 148075
> min response time 194.78µs
> max response time 225.95ms
> mean response time 29.02ms
> p(90) response time 57.56ms
> p(95) response time 79.81ms
> mean requests/sec 9845.158943
powered by Quarkus 3.31.1) started in 1.074s. Listening on: http://0.0.0.0:8080
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 119327
> min response time 284.03µs
> max response time 289.85ms
> mean response time 32.73ms
> p(90) response time 70.96ms
> p(95) response time 86.86ms
> mean requests/sec 7916.036169
micronaut version: 4.9.0 Startup completed in 587ms. Server Running: http://localhost:8080
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 262023
> min response time 57.27µs
> max response time 172.37ms
> mean response time 16.11ms
> p(90) response time 35.73ms
> p(95) response time 46.25ms
> mean requests/sec 17421.928885
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 368858
> min response time 31.39µs
> max response time 145.8ms
> mean response time 11.65ms
> p(90) response time 27.44ms
> p(95) response time 37.38ms
> mean requests/sec 24537.454832
kumuluz version:4.1.0 Server – Started Server@692e028d{STARTING}[10.0.9,sto=0] @2506ms
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 89649
> min response time 304.77µs
> max response time 409.11ms
> mean response time 45.32ms
> p(90) response time 106.13ms
> p(95) response time 132.6ms
> mean requests/sec 5924.077377
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 248006
> min response time 53.34µs
> max response time 1.32s
> mean response time 13.08ms
> p(90) response time 30.96ms
> p(95) response time 40.38ms
> mean requests/sec 15513.784359
Rust rest services
rustc 1.94.0 (4a4ef493e 2026-03-02)
warp = { version = 0.4, features = [server] }
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 423356
> min response time 27.52µs
> max response time 119.91ms
> mean response time 9.8ms
> p(90) response time 25.52ms
> p(95) response time 31.7ms
> mean requests/sec 28160.57619
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 408000
> min response time 26.55µs
> max response time 139.4ms
> mean response time 10.3ms
> p(90) response time 28.26ms
> p(95) response time 35.25ms
> mean requests/sec 27141.412124
rocket = { version = 0.5.1, features = [json] }
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 385710
> min response time 43.28µs
> max response time 143.47ms
> mean response time 10.86ms
> p(90) response time 29ms
> p(95) response time 36.17ms
> mean requests/sec 25586.431915
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 418436
> min response time 30.55µs
> max response time 139.61ms
> mean response time 10.25ms
> p(90) response time 26.31ms
> p(95) response time 33.6ms
> mean requests/sec 27651.536924
Dotnet 7 rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 295845
> min response time 53.41µs
> max response time 185.76ms
> mean response time 14.33ms
> p(90) response time 37.11ms
> p(95) response time 46.96ms
> mean requests/sec 19670.991124
Dotnet 8 rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 315533
> min response time 45.05µs
> max response time 207.52ms
> mean response time 13.68ms
> p(90) response time 34.46ms
> p(95) response time 43.68ms
> mean requests/sec 20977.911936
Dotnet 9 rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 325814
> min response time 45.25µs
> max response time 166.59ms
> mean response time 13.27ms
> p(90) response time 33.5ms
> p(95) response time 43.22ms
> mean requests/sec 21662.445418
Golang rest service
go version go1.24.13 linux/amd64
Golang rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 356207
> min response time 35.75µs
> max response time 149.49ms
> mean response time 11.94ms
> p(90) response time 31.6ms
> p(95) response time 40.23ms
> mean requests/sec 23693.814019
Express.js rest service
Node.js v20.20.1
Express.js rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 99370
> min response time 159.56µs
> max response time 6.55s
> mean response time 50.81ms
> p(90) response time 48.33ms
> p(95) response time 52.39ms
> mean requests/sec 6189.225209
Bun rest service
Bun 1.3.11
Bun rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 429325
> min response time 30.34µs
> max response time 129.12ms
> mean response time 9.98ms
> p(90) response time 25.03ms
> p(95) response time 32.19ms
> mean requests/sec 28563.389144
graalvm native avaje-jex-jdk
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 244968
> min response time 67.1µs
> max response time 2.28s
> mean response time 12.56ms
> p(90) response time 26.8ms
> p(95) response time 34.15ms
> mean requests/sec 14645.136709
graalvm native avaje-jex-robaho
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 321353
> min response time 46.97µs
> max response time 167.16ms
> mean response time 13.46ms
> p(90) response time 35.21ms
> p(95) response time 48.06ms
> mean requests/sec 21366.734127
graalvm native quarkus
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 205136
> min response time 108.55µs
> max response time 210.46ms
> mean response time 20.97ms
> p(90) response time 54.19ms
> p(95) response time 67.61ms
> mean requests/sec 13628.600034
graalvm native micronaut
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 258493
> min response time 65.22µs
> max response time 189.62ms
> mean response time 16.39ms
> p(90) response time 43.38ms
> p(95) response time 58.9ms
> mean requests/sec 17152.768237
graalvm native spring-boot-web
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 170258
> min response time 105.76µs
> max response time 482.97ms
> mean response time 28.19ms
> p(90) response time 63.95ms
> p(95) response time 84.02ms
> mean requests/sec 11287.559679
graalvm native spring-boot-webflux
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 170745
> min response time 129.84µs
> max response time 943.33ms
> mean response time 28.73ms
> p(90) response time 72.1ms
> p(95) response time 93.44ms
> mean requests/sec 11306.465365
graalvm native vertx
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 325748
> min response time 42.43µs
> max response time 169.03ms
> mean response time 14.47ms
> p(90) response time 38.58ms
> p(95) response time 53.02ms
> mean requests/sec 21581.894222
graalvm native ktor rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 240796
> min response time 73.5µs
> max response time 2.13s
> mean response time 13.01ms
> p(90) response time 27.5ms
> p(95) response time 35.34ms
> mean requests/sec 15010.249519
GraalVM Native Binaries Sizes:
| Size in MB | Name |
|---|---|
| 55 | quarkus-demo-runner-bin |
| 74 | micronaut-demo-bin |
| 79 | springboot-demo-web-bin |
| 110 | springboot-webflux-demo-bin |
| 54 | vertx-demo-bin |
| 63 | ktor-demo-bin |
source code for the java and dotnet tests 👈 source code for the rust tests 👈 github action 👈
| Framework ⇅ | Requests ⇅ | Min ⇅ | Max ⇅ | Mean ⇅ | P90 ⇅ | P95 ⇅ | Req/Sec ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AVAJE | 219758 | 49.26µs | 1.15s | 14.8ms | 36.29ms | 47.28ms | 13195.841604 |
| ROBAHO | 315909 | 41.09µs | 147.58ms | 13.38ms | 31.82ms | 41.88ms | 20990.694317 |
| Started DemoWebFluxApplication | 91116 | 294.08µs | 3s | 55.89ms | 107.03ms | 136.03ms | 5988.664492 |
| Started DemoApplication | 148075 | 194.78µs | 225.95ms | 29.02ms | 57.56ms | 79.81ms | 9845.158943 |
| QUARKUS | 119327 | 284.03µs | 289.85ms | 32.73ms | 70.96ms | 86.86ms | 7916.036169 |
| Startup completed in | 262023 | 57.27µs | 172.37ms | 16.11ms | 35.73ms | 46.25ms | 17421.928885 |
| VERTX | 368858 | 31.39µs | 145.8ms | 11.65ms | 27.44ms | 37.38ms | 24537.454832 |
| Server -- Started | 89649 | 304.77µs | 409.11ms | 45.32ms | 106.13ms | 132.6ms | 5924.077377 |
| KTOR | 248006 | 53.34µs | 1.32s | 13.08ms | 30.96ms | 40.38ms | 15513.784359 |
| WARP | 423356 | 27.52µs | 119.91ms | 9.8ms | 25.52ms | 31.7ms | 28160.57619 |
| ACTIX | 408000 | 26.55µs | 139.4ms | 10.3ms | 28.26ms | 35.25ms | 27141.412124 |
| ROCKET | 385710 | 43.28µs | 143.47ms | 10.86ms | 29ms | 36.17ms | 25586.431915 |
| AXUM | 418436 | 30.55µs | 139.61ms | 10.25ms | 26.31ms | 33.6ms | 27651.536924 |
| Dotnet 7 rest service | 295845 | 53.41µs | 185.76ms | 14.33ms | 37.11ms | 46.96ms | 19670.991124 |
| Dotnet 8 rest service | 315533 | 45.05µs | 207.52ms | 13.68ms | 34.46ms | 43.68ms | 20977.911936 |
| Dotnet 9 rest service | 325814 | 45.25µs | 166.59ms | 13.27ms | 33.5ms | 43.22ms | 21662.445418 |
| Golang rest service | 356207 | 35.75µs | 149.49ms | 11.94ms | 31.6ms | 40.23ms | 23693.814019 |
| Express.js rest service | 99370 | 159.56µs | 6.55s | 50.81ms | 48.33ms | 52.39ms | 6189.225209 |
| Bun rest service | 429325 | 30.34µs | 129.12ms | 9.98ms | 25.03ms | 32.19ms | 28563.389144 |
| graalvm native avaje-jex-jdk | 244968 | 67.1µs | 2.28s | 12.56ms | 26.8ms | 34.15ms | 14645.136709 |
| graalvm native avaje-jex-robaho | 321353 | 46.97µs | 167.16ms | 13.46ms | 35.21ms | 48.06ms | 21366.734127 |
| graalvm native quarkus | 205136 | 108.55µs | 210.46ms | 20.97ms | 54.19ms | 67.61ms | 13628.600034 |
| graalvm native micronaut | 258493 | 65.22µs | 189.62ms | 16.39ms | 43.38ms | 58.9ms | 17152.768237 |
| graalvm native spring-boot-web | 170258 | 105.76µs | 482.97ms | 28.19ms | 63.95ms | 84.02ms | 11287.559679 |
| graalvm native spring-boot-webflux | 170745 | 129.84µs | 943.33ms | 28.73ms | 72.1ms | 93.44ms | 11306.465365 |
| graalvm native vertx | 325748 | 42.43µs | 169.03ms | 14.47ms | 38.58ms | 53.02ms | 21581.894222 |
| graalvm native ktor rest service | 240796 | 73.5µs | 2.13s | 13.01ms | 27.5ms | 35.34ms | 15010.249519 |