In Linux runnervmeorf1 6.17.0-1010-azure #10~24.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Mar 6 22:00:57 UTC 2026 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux,
Memory Usage: 1353/15989MB (8.46%)
Disk Usage: 58/145GB (41%)
CPU Load: 1.66
CPU core count:4
CPUs
cpu MHz : 3243.846
cpu MHz : 3238.150
cpu MHz : 3243.475
cpu MHz : 3243.614
Below is total package generation times for separate modules,
[INFO] Avaje Jex Example 3.5 .............................. SUCCESS [ 2.559 s]
[INFO] Avaje Jex Robaho Example 3.5 ....................... SUCCESS [ 2.491 s]
[INFO] eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test 4.1.0 ............ SUCCESS [ 4.361 s]
[INFO] ktor-demo 3.4.3-kotlin-2.3.21 ...................... SUCCESS [ 11.536 s]
[INFO] micronaut-demo 4.10.7 .............................. SUCCESS [ 25.006 s]
[INFO] quarkus-demo 3.34.1 ................................ SUCCESS [ 13.018 s]
[INFO] springboot-webflux-demo 4.0.6 ...................... SUCCESS [ 2.014 s]
[INFO] springboot-demo-web 4.0.6 .......................... SUCCESS [ 2.013 s]
[INFO] vertx-demo 5.0.10 .................................. SUCCESS [ 4.203 s]
Size of created packages:
| Size in MB | Name |
|---|---|
| 2.6M | ./avaje-jex-jdk/target/avaje-jex-jdk-3.5.jar |
| 2.6M | ./avaje-jex-jdk/target/original-avaje-jex-jdk-3.5.jar |
| 2.8M | ./avaje-jex-robaho/target/avaje-jex-robaho-3.5.jar |
| 2.8M | ./avaje-jex-robaho/target/original-avaje-jex-robaho-3.5.jar |
| 22M | ./eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test/target/eclipse-microprofile-kumuluz-test-4.1.0.jar |
| 20M | ./ktor/target/ktor-demo-3.4.3-kotlin-2.3.21-jar-with-dependencies.jar |
| 14M | ./micronaut/target/micronaut-demo-4.10.7.jar |
| 20M | ./quarkus/target/quarkus-demo-runner.jar |
| 19M | ./spring-boot-web/target/springboot-demo-web-4.0.6.jar |
| 34M | ./spring-boot-webflux/target/springboot-webflux-demo-4.0.6.jar |
| 8.3M | ./vertx/target/vertx-demo-5.0.10-fat.jar |
Avaje Jex started class sun.net.httpserver.HttpServerImpl in 27ms on TCP http://0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:8080
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 167101
> min response time 94.73µs
> max response time 1.17s
> mean response time 18.98ms
> p(90) response time 44.86ms
> p(95) response time 56.2ms
> mean requests/sec 10433.125816
started class robaho.net.httpserver.HttpServerImpl in 56ms on TCP http://0.0.0.0:8080
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 242921
> min response time 62.99µs
> max response time 159.87ms
> mean response time 17.82ms
> p(90) response time 43.04ms
> p(95) response time 54.87ms
> mean requests/sec 16143.412022
:: Spring Boot :: (v4.0.6) Started DemoWebFluxApplication in 1.704 seconds (process running for 2.227)
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 84967
> min response time 369.51µs
> max response time 2.71s
> mean response time 59.61ms
> p(90) response time 121.67ms
> p(95) response time 151ms
> mean requests/sec 5560.568501
:: Spring Boot :: (v4.0.6) Started DemoApplication in 1.651 seconds (process running for 2.117)
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 117165
> min response time 203.11µs
> max response time 358.21ms
> mean response time 37.45ms
> p(90) response time 75.98ms
> p(95) response time 96.27ms
> mean requests/sec 7769.119458
powered by Quarkus 3.34.1) started in 1.204s. Listening on: http://0.0.0.0:8080
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 105637
> min response time 311.56µs
> max response time 270.41ms
> mean response time 37.91ms
> p(90) response time 80.3ms
> p(95) response time 102.14ms
> mean requests/sec 6966.708081
micronaut version: 4.9.0 Startup completed in 625ms. Server Running: http://localhost:8080
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 197370
> min response time 98.69µs
> max response time 159.84ms
> mean response time 21.86ms
> p(90) response time 46.31ms
> p(95) response time 55.36ms
> mean requests/sec 13112.586912
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 283458
> min response time 49.51µs
> max response time 158.4ms
> mean response time 15.86ms
> p(90) response time 38.13ms
> p(95) response time 48.98ms
> mean requests/sec 18842.377582
kumuluz version:4.1.0 Server – Started Server@4c18621b{STARTING}[10.0.9,sto=0] @2748ms
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 82767
> min response time 304.55µs
> max response time 396.73ms
> mean response time 48.62ms
> p(90) response time 116.38ms
> p(95) response time 142.09ms
> mean requests/sec 5450.126199
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 190887
> min response time 84.62µs
> max response time 1.31s
> mean response time 16.63ms
> p(90) response time 39.8ms
> p(95) response time 50.41ms
> mean requests/sec 12059.700305
Rust rest services
rustc 1.94.1 (e408947bf 2026-03-25)
warp = { version = 0.4, features = [server] }
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 329028
> min response time 46.43µs
> max response time 160.88ms
> mean response time 13.35ms
> p(90) response time 35.54ms
> p(95) response time 44.28ms
> mean requests/sec 21794.538349
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 309922
> min response time 46.62µs
> max response time 194.61ms
> mean response time 13.91ms
> p(90) response time 38.28ms
> p(95) response time 46.14ms
> mean requests/sec 20598.010836
rocket = { version = 0.5.1, features = [json] }
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 292796
> min response time 59.04µs
> max response time 174.14ms
> mean response time 14.86ms
> p(90) response time 39.04ms
> p(95) response time 48.63ms
> mean requests/sec 19380.323067
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 330237
> min response time 46.49µs
> max response time 150.39ms
> mean response time 13.39ms
> p(90) response time 35.6ms
> p(95) response time 44.57ms
> mean requests/sec 21882.557707
Dotnet 7 rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 246684
> min response time 78.94µs
> max response time 237.83ms
> mean response time 17.2ms
> p(90) response time 44.89ms
> p(95) response time 56.18ms
> mean requests/sec 16397.758374
Dotnet 8 rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 267231
> min response time 72.18µs
> max response time 169.03ms
> mean response time 16.14ms
> p(90) response time 41.41ms
> p(95) response time 50.78ms
> mean requests/sec 17713.043222
Dotnet 9 rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 272283
> min response time 79.47µs
> max response time 169.31ms
> mean response time 15.75ms
> p(90) response time 39.95ms
> p(95) response time 49.6ms
> mean requests/sec 18075.120165
Golang rest service
go version go1.24.13 linux/amd64
Golang rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 272222
> min response time 55.25µs
> max response time 158.57ms
> mean response time 15.46ms
> p(90) response time 40.41ms
> p(95) response time 50.47ms
> mean requests/sec 18088.403985
Express.js rest service
Node.js v20.20.2
Express.js rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 72122
> min response time 220.72µs
> max response time 7.04s
> mean response time 69.11ms
> p(90) response time 57.27ms
> p(95) response time 60.2ms
> mean requests/sec 4482.212855
Bun rest service
Bun 1.3.13
Bun rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 323765
> min response time 45.3µs
> max response time 163.7ms
> mean response time 13.88ms
> p(90) response time 37.49ms
> p(95) response time 49.96ms
> mean requests/sec 21517.532311
graalvm native avaje-jex-jdk
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 197059
> min response time 108.35µs
> max response time 2.06s
> mean response time 15.45ms
> p(90) response time 33.55ms
> p(95) response time 42.83ms
> mean requests/sec 12267.101035
graalvm native avaje-jex-robaho
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 254374
> min response time 62.83µs
> max response time 176.26ms
> mean response time 17.43ms
> p(90) response time 46.03ms
> p(95) response time 57.68ms
> mean requests/sec 16896.947034
graalvm native quarkus
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 163632
> min response time 169.56µs
> max response time 265.59ms
> mean response time 25.25ms
> p(90) response time 69ms
> p(95) response time 88.19ms
> mean requests/sec 10856.447995
graalvm native micronaut
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 198872
> min response time 99.01µs
> max response time 253.96ms
> mean response time 22.12ms
> p(90) response time 61.02ms
> p(95) response time 77.97ms
> mean requests/sec 13186.536526
graalvm native spring-boot-web
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 142007
> min response time 150.62µs
> max response time 337.3ms
> mean response time 32.07ms
> p(90) response time 85.23ms
> p(95) response time 108.77ms
> mean requests/sec 9377.594
graalvm native spring-boot-webflux
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 141701
> min response time 180.92µs
> max response time 813.53ms
> mean response time 34.06ms
> p(90) response time 92.89ms
> p(95) response time 125.66ms
> mean requests/sec 9366.797008
graalvm native vertx
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 220474
> min response time 62.36µs
> max response time 186.25ms
> mean response time 22.18ms
> p(90) response time 58.37ms
> p(95) response time 70.65ms
> mean requests/sec 14601.880728
graalvm native ktor rest service
---- Global Information --------------------------------------------------------
> request count 184284
> min response time 113.12µs
> max response time 2.14s
> mean response time 17.25ms
> p(90) response time 35.43ms
> p(95) response time 44.04ms
> mean requests/sec 11346.621189
GraalVM Native Binaries Sizes:
| Size in MB | Name |
|---|---|
| 55 | quarkus-demo-runner-bin |
| 74 | micronaut-demo-bin |
| 80 | springboot-demo-web-bin |
| 111 | springboot-webflux-demo-bin |
| 54 | vertx-demo-bin |
| 63 | ktor-demo-bin |
source code for the java and dotnet tests 👈 source code for the rust tests 👈 github action 👈
| Framework ⇅ | Requests ⇅ | Min ⇅ | Max ⇅ | Mean ⇅ | P90 ⇅ | P95 ⇅ | Req/Sec ⇅ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AVAJE | 167101 | 94.73µs | 1.17s | 18.98ms | 44.86ms | 56.2ms | 10433.125816 |
| ROBAHO | 242921 | 62.99µs | 159.87ms | 17.82ms | 43.04ms | 54.87ms | 16143.412022 |
| Started DemoWebFluxApplication | 84967 | 369.51µs | 2.71s | 59.61ms | 121.67ms | 151ms | 5560.568501 |
| Started DemoApplication | 117165 | 203.11µs | 358.21ms | 37.45ms | 75.98ms | 96.27ms | 7769.119458 |
| QUARKUS | 105637 | 311.56µs | 270.41ms | 37.91ms | 80.3ms | 102.14ms | 6966.708081 |
| Startup completed in | 197370 | 98.69µs | 159.84ms | 21.86ms | 46.31ms | 55.36ms | 13112.586912 |
| VERTX | 283458 | 49.51µs | 158.4ms | 15.86ms | 38.13ms | 48.98ms | 18842.377582 |
| Server -- Started | 82767 | 304.55µs | 396.73ms | 48.62ms | 116.38ms | 142.09ms | 5450.126199 |
| KTOR | 190887 | 84.62µs | 1.31s | 16.63ms | 39.8ms | 50.41ms | 12059.700305 |
| WARP | 329028 | 46.43µs | 160.88ms | 13.35ms | 35.54ms | 44.28ms | 21794.538349 |
| ACTIX | 309922 | 46.62µs | 194.61ms | 13.91ms | 38.28ms | 46.14ms | 20598.010836 |
| ROCKET | 292796 | 59.04µs | 174.14ms | 14.86ms | 39.04ms | 48.63ms | 19380.323067 |
| AXUM | 330237 | 46.49µs | 150.39ms | 13.39ms | 35.6ms | 44.57ms | 21882.557707 |
| Dotnet 7 rest service | 246684 | 78.94µs | 237.83ms | 17.2ms | 44.89ms | 56.18ms | 16397.758374 |
| Dotnet 8 rest service | 267231 | 72.18µs | 169.03ms | 16.14ms | 41.41ms | 50.78ms | 17713.043222 |
| Dotnet 9 rest service | 272283 | 79.47µs | 169.31ms | 15.75ms | 39.95ms | 49.6ms | 18075.120165 |
| Golang rest service | 272222 | 55.25µs | 158.57ms | 15.46ms | 40.41ms | 50.47ms | 18088.403985 |
| Express.js rest service | 72122 | 220.72µs | 7.04s | 69.11ms | 57.27ms | 60.2ms | 4482.212855 |
| Bun rest service | 323765 | 45.3µs | 163.7ms | 13.88ms | 37.49ms | 49.96ms | 21517.532311 |
| graalvm native avaje-jex-jdk | 197059 | 108.35µs | 2.06s | 15.45ms | 33.55ms | 42.83ms | 12267.101035 |
| graalvm native avaje-jex-robaho | 254374 | 62.83µs | 176.26ms | 17.43ms | 46.03ms | 57.68ms | 16896.947034 |
| graalvm native quarkus | 163632 | 169.56µs | 265.59ms | 25.25ms | 69ms | 88.19ms | 10856.447995 |
| graalvm native micronaut | 198872 | 99.01µs | 253.96ms | 22.12ms | 61.02ms | 77.97ms | 13186.536526 |
| graalvm native spring-boot-web | 142007 | 150.62µs | 337.3ms | 32.07ms | 85.23ms | 108.77ms | 9377.594 |
| graalvm native spring-boot-webflux | 141701 | 180.92µs | 813.53ms | 34.06ms | 92.89ms | 125.66ms | 9366.797008 |
| graalvm native vertx | 220474 | 62.36µs | 186.25ms | 22.18ms | 58.37ms | 70.65ms | 14601.880728 |
| graalvm native ktor rest service | 184284 | 113.12µs | 2.14s | 17.25ms | 35.43ms | 44.04ms | 11346.621189 |